1. To understand the principles of time-resolved MR angiography. 2. To familiarize with the radiological manifestations of various cardiovascular diseases using time-resolved MRA.

Highly time-resolved contrast MRA can provide a unique perspective on the functional anatomy of the heart and vessels of the brain, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and extremities. We will illustrate and discuss the normal appearance, pitfalls, and various pathologies on time-resolved 3D MRA of the heart, aorta, pulmonary circulation, carotid arteries, vertebral arteries, intracranial vessels, and native and transplant renal arteries with relevant correlation to CE-MRA.

1. Time-resolved MRA provides a unique perspective on the functional assesment of cardiovascular diseases. 2. Using only a tiny dose of intravenous gadolinium, time-resolved MRA provides real-time imaging of first pass bolus kinetics and the precise sequence of arteriovenous vascular enhancement. 3. Time-resolved MRA is useful in the evaluation of steal phenomenon, definition of collateral pathways, and pictorial mapping of organ perfusion.